Arthur Miller Essay

The theme of morals and guilt is explored by the characterization of ‘John Proctor’. ‘Proctor’ is portrayed as being around the age of thirty and a well-respected farmer in the town’s community. He is described as ‘the kind of man- powerful of body, even-tempered, and not easily led. ‘ From these descriptions, we recognize that he is a strong, calm individual who is quite cynical. As soon as ‘Proctor’ appears in the play we see that he is very much in conflict with himself due to the terrible secret he conceals within the dark and forbidding chambers of his heart. A history of sin, which goes against every moral fibre of his body and the society in which he dwells. â€Å"He is a sinner, a sinner not only against the moral fashion but against his own vision of decent conduct. † ‘John Proctor’ is guilty of committing adultery with the young ‘Abigail Williams’ while she was serving as a servant in his household and this has a great effect on his conscience. ‘Proctor’s’ conscience eats away at him throughout the play as it manifests itself into his relationship with people, especially his wife, ‘Elizabeth’. This is presented when Elizabeth states: † I do not judge you. The magistrate sits in your heart that judges you. I never thought you but a good man, John- only somewhat bewildered. † Here we see the idea of morality being reflected on a personal level, or Proctor’s conception of himself. He conceives himself as a blatant sinner because of his ‘raw deeds’, being his lechery. † I blush for my sin,† he admits to his wife. Overall, through the characterization of ‘John Proctor’ the theme morals and guilt is presented and from this we see that his perception of right and wrong are decided by his own ‘vision of decent conduct’. Characterization is essential to the exploration and development of themes in ‘The Crucible’ by Arthur Miller. The characterization of ‘Rebecca Nurse’ explores the theme of evil. ‘Abigail Williams’ explores the themes of evil as well as the power of fear and ‘John Proctor’ explores the theme of morals and guilt. All these characters and many more help develop the themes within ‘The Crucible’.

Learning Log: the Affective Filter Hypothesis

The Affective Filter Hypothesis: Some Insights â€Å"The attendance for Miss Zaljiah’s English class has never been below 80% throughout her six teaching years in the polytechnic. You can often find her sitting beside the students working and guiding them through answers and task completion. Students’ commitment are often witnessed through their energy level, engagements during discussions in reaction to her video-recorded lectures. Smartphones, ‘Google’ and ‘Facebook’ are often their constant companion. At 55, she is an inspiration. † Teachers today go the extra mile to create relevant content, reflective enough of the real world.With the birth of screen-staring culture, it is undeniable how technology has overwhelmed current classroom pedagogies increasing the dire need for more enjoyable and stress-free learning environment. From Krashen’s perspective, Affective Filter seem to have its stand. The affective filter by Krashen is a ‘mental barrier’ students and teachers must reduce for learning fluidity. (Dulay and Burt, 1977 in Krashen, 1981). These three factors; low motivation and self-confidence combined with high anxiety built in students a ‘mental wall’ which impedes language from being acquired and internalized. Krashen, 1982). Students’ affective filter must be kept low with confidence and motivation, in order for the highest input to possibly reach the acquisition part of the brain. (Krashen, 1981). Supported and summarized by Macintyre (1995), he stated â€Å"language learning is a cognitive ability that relies on encoding, storage and retrieval processes. Anxiety can interfere by creating divided attention scenarios for anxious students. † (p. 96). Gardner and Macintyre’s (1993) characterized this apprehension as derogatory self-related cognitions.Now, the question is does learning stop when the fun stops? Does learning fail because of studentsâ€℠¢ anxiety and boredom? Or learning fails because students feel anxious and bored? We only focus and emphasize what deemed important for us. While one may agree the affective filter plays a role, its causal relationship cannot be proven. It is bias to say learning happens only with motivated and confident students and if they are not, learning never took place. It can never be argued that the presence of learning is the absence of anxiety or otherwise.To debate from an eclectic point of view, students’ various learning styles, multiple intelligences, idiosyncracies, language ego, literacy creativity and error-correction tolerance influences the acquisition process. These affective domains function in both directions. (Cook, 2000) Both students and teachers complement the learning process. The teacher certainly has the â€Å"influential effect on both the linguistic performance and emotional well-being of the students†. (Heyde, 1999 in Brown, 2000). Students can â€Å"u nfold their wings† with proper classroom techniques. (Andres, 1999).In conclusion, teachers should develop a perceptive and intuitive ability backed by theoretical grounds to decide on the effectiveness for the students. Students should not be choked in their language attempts as ‘anxiety can be facilitated’ (Bailey, 1983) in creating a meaningful learning environment. The fundamental principle of SLA is that every human capacity and ability is diversified should be addressed. Every lesson should aim to resonate with the spirit of each learner as balance is created in tapping everybody’s interest in the language classroom. (510 words) ———————– 1

Critically discuss the view that gender is relevant to the study of Essay - 1

Critically discuss the view that gender is relevant to the study of INTELLIGENCE. Ground your answer in theory and illustrate w - Essay Example In further researches, intelligence theory has opened new line of thinking concerning the recognition of a wider range of human intellect (Gardner 2006). Thus, intelligence as a subject matter in many researches and studies is greatly established. Intelligence theories and its implications on other fields like psychology (Piaget 1950), sociology and neurobiology (Gray and Thompson 2004) are also essential in our understanding of human mind and intellect. In this paper, the discussion of human intelligence by exploring its relation to gender, as one of the probable variables of intelligence-difference among humans, will be explored. The discussion of the background and brief history of intelligence test will also be presented in order to understand better the subject matter. Intelligence theories will be analyzed in relation to gender in accordance with the objective to see the correlation between the two. Examples of researches with regards to the said concepts will be investigated t o further substantiate the paper. Significant results will be analyzed and will be integrated in making a conclusion for the paper. Intelligence and gender may both refer to abstract concepts that people made up in order to understand the events and matters related to the concepts (Hacking 1999; Kessler and McKenna 1978). Though this is the case, significant numbers of research are done to analyze and identify the correlation between the two concepts. Consequently, many issues concerning the ethics and moral implications of the studies are raised as the ideas involved are very sensitive matters (Messick 1980). Considering gender issues for instance, we see that the possibility of claiming some basis for discrimination may outpour if certain researches and surveys will be introduced to the public. In the case of the idea of intelligence, some people who are subject to testing and evaluation using intelligence tests might have problems in accepting the results of the assessment as the y might feel insecure and depressed because of it (Zammit et al 2004). Though some claims that intelligence is a construct and can be hardly measured (Humphreys 1979; Scott-Wittenborn 2004), many arguably refer to it as a human feature that can be calculated and quantified (Galton 1883; Binet 1905; Kline 1991). The interests to quantify human intelligence go beyond analyzing the mind functions as theorists and makers of intelligence tests like Galton (1883), Binet (1905), Spearman (1904), and Thurstone (1938) successfully designed an assessment program that will measure and categorize intelligence on the basis of their own definitions of studied subject. Today, intelligence in the way the said theorists defined it in the context of their time has changed its meaning in various ways. The ‘lay conception of intelligence’ (Sternberg 2000) has transformed in terms of how intelligence was defined based on the areas an individual human can be a genius of. Traditionally, intel ligence is measured based on logical and mathematical reasoning and similar assessment. Today, though the traditional one is still being used (Eysenck 2007), fundamental changes in seeing intelligence in a different and a more wide-ranging perspective are being observed. New theories on the subject like the

Information Systems Analysis (case study analysis) Essay

Information Systems Analysis (case study analysis) - Essay Example Furthermore, the new automated system called Equipment Check-Out System (ECS) will help the Maintenance Department improve their services to the maintenance personnel as well as create timely reports and analytics required by management. The purpose of this baseline project plan report is to evaluate the needs of GB Manufacturing in the development of an Equipment Check-Out System (ECS) and determine the feasibility of integrating and implementing such system into their business processes. This project plan shall serve as a resolution to management and shall also serve as a guide to the ECS development team. The report is a preliminary investigation of developing the Equipment Check-Out System into the business processes of GB Manufacturing, specifically the Maintenance Department Equipment Depot Section. This project plan covers the identified problems, opportunities, management directives and recommendations. The baseline project plan report is written in three sections. First section is an investigation on the needs in developing a system that manages equipment check-in and check-out. Second section is the evaluation of the feasibility of developing an ECS. The last section is focused on the project management issues and proposed development methodologies. The equipment depot operation in the Maintenance Department of GB Manufacturing is experiencing several problems in terms of lost and stolen equipments. It is the primary function of the equipment depot to provide the necessary equipments required by the maintenance employees. However, the estimated amount of lost and stolen equipments exceed $50,000 worth of tools each year. In order to address the alarming issue of losses, the management and the Maintenance Department has two options. First alternative involves the improvement the existing manual

Rhetoric and Stereotypes Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Rhetoric and Stereotypes - Essay Example Starting with politicians, it should be mentioned that in the book Critical Thinking (8th edition) by B. N. Moore and R. Parker, all the interesting and humorous political references were Republicans or conservatives. Stereotypes associated with politicians are frequent cheating and lying. Politicians often use proverbs in their rhetoric to illustrate the positive qualities of their ideas and to lend authority and expressiveness to speeches and writing (Mieder, 1997). For instance, Adolf Hitler used proverbs in his infamous treatise Mein Kampf. Hitler outlined the goals of National Socialism through proverbs and especially used proverbial expressions when he spoke out against Jews and Communists, picking up phrases from the Bible and religious traditions to illustrate complete hate and anger against many social groups. Winston Churchill read Mein Kampf in translation and saw through Hitler’s use of proverbs into the heart of evil. Churchill turned the tables on Hitler’s rhetoric and used proverbs himself to raise emotions among the Allies. In many of his famous speeches, Churchill used proverbs to sway his listeners to action (Mieder, 1997, pp. 5-6). Politicians learn early in their careers to use the powers of rhetoric to convince people emotionally and spiritually so they can get their ideas implemented. The next group this essay surveys is tattooed persons. At first it should be mentioned that the tattooing is an art and as such – a language by itself. So the tattooed person’s rhetoric is one extra step removed from spoken language and the tattoos are often hidden. Tattooed persons are rather talked about, not talking themselves (except through the language of art). One of the most frequent questions that a tattooed person hears, right after â€Å"Did that hurt?† is the question â€Å"Why did you do it?† This is a question that has as many answers as there are tattoos

Strategies for English Learners Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Strategies for English Learners - Essay Example The strategies used need to consider other factors such as the critical period hypothesis, neurological, psychomotor and cognitive levels of English learners. Considerations for English Learning Strategies Proficiency in learning, reading and writing English can be achieved through various strategies. However the strategies need to consider various aspects of English learning. The critical period hypothesis is an important factor that needs consideration in any English learning strategy. The hypothesis postulates that there is a significant relationship between the ability of learners to acquire a given language and their age. According to ........, English learners in a linguistically rich environment could easily acquire the language within a given window period after which the students could require exertion of more efforts to acquire the language. Therefore, acquisition of proficiency in English could be accomplished early in life based on the critical period hypothesis. At this period, it is easier for children to acquire the language and other motor skills. Acquisition of the language after the period could be difficult and the learner might never attain full command of English. Neurology should also be considered in the strategies employed in learning and acquisition of proficiency in English. ... The language acquisition devices he developed has linguistics properties that distinguish speech sounds from other sounds, organizes linguistic data into various classes and engages in constant evaluation of language development. According to ............., the motor hypothesis maintains that babbling is a product of motor development in humans although some researcher do not agree. For instance, Pettito and other researchers propose that babbling is a neurolinguistic foundation. They argue that the rhythms of natural language can be determined biologically and therefore the babbling of babies is for them to discover the sounds of languages in their environment. Cognitive considerations for English learning strategies require that the learning techniques involve the abilities of humans for learning. According to ......., humans learn through taking of instructions, imitation of other people’s behaviour and observation. These learning abilities utilize the senses of endowed to individuals. Through cognitive learning, students go beyond simple imitation techniques to provide knowledge through mental or cognitive processes. The cognitive methods that could be used in English learning include the mental representation of physical objects and events in addition to processing of other linguistic information. Through cognitive process, English learners could learn by listening, watching, reading, touching and experiences. The learning process in cognitive may be passive since there is no motor movement. Affective consideration is another factor that must be considered while choosing the best learning method for English learning. Affective learning involves emotions. English

Response to chapter 7 STRAIN OF TWO CITIES in the book Inside Rikers Essay

Response to chapter 7 STRAIN OF TWO CITIES in the book Inside Rikers - Essay Example Nevertheless, the criminal has to make the decision of maximizing these opportunities in order to be released from the cycle of imprisonment, criminality, and poverty. Society provides the conditions for poverty, which easily breeds criminality. Angel is one of Wynn’s students at Fresh Start (Wynn, 2001). For his first job, he earned eight dollars an hour as a handyman in a hospice for people with AIDS (Wynn, 2001). Unfortunately, his contract changed, so he shifted from a full-time job to a part-time one (Wynn, 2001). Wynn was amazed that Angel did not revert back to a life of crime. Angel admitted that being poor and an ex-convict sharply decreases opportunities for advancement (Wynn, 2001). He complained about not being able to get jobs because of his criminal record: â€Å"I feel like I’ll never stop paying for the past. I’ve done my time, but it doesn’t seem to matter† (Wynn, 2001). At the same time, he did not have healthcare insurance, so when he got sick, he waited to be sick enough to be brought to the emergency room (Wynn, 2001). Wynn had to help him get a free checkup. Angel provides proof that society tends to push people to poverty, which facilitates criminal conduct. Society can reverse these conditions by offering opportunities for education and employment. John Wareham is an international executive recruiter, a psychologist, and famous business lecturer who joined Fresh Start as a teacher (Wynn, 2001). Wynn narrated a debate that John initiated, where three lawyers and writers debated with three convicts on the topic of robbing a bank versus working at McDonalds. The lawyers and writers argued for robbing the bank, while the convicts argued against it. Wynn stressed that the convicts used their hearts and minds to support their arguments. John said that this change in thinking and behavior would get

Decision-making process in nursing base on scenario. Initial Essay

Decision-making process in nursing base on scenario. Initial presentation of patient and diagnostic fase - Essay Example 2005). When making choices, nurses are obliged to take due care and ensure they discharge their duties in accordance with their professional training and expertise. This experience may have been acquired from work practice or from training (Royal College of Nursing, 2006, p.17). To attain a high degree of joint understanding between the patients, relatives and practitioners, the medical practitioners should establish Ð ° training program to ensure that all the stakeholders are made aware of the prevailing circumstances and the possible consequences of the action taken by the health care practitioners. The healthcare providers must exercise their professional ethics to ensure they act in good faith and in the interests of the patients (Royal College of Nursing, 2006, p.22). The nurses should first assess the problem and then seek for solutions to the emerging issues during the assessment process. The alternative chosen should promise the best outcome and should be as effective as pos sible. The medical practitioner decisions are however influenced by their expertise, the available medical facilities, and the level of acceptance of the consequences of the outcome of the decision taken, as well as willingness of the patient and the relatives to acknowledge those consequences. The nurses have a duty to assess the situation at hand and make decisions concerning the treatment that can be given to the patient. In this case, the patient who is an elderly woman and has a wound on her left limb undergoes many challenges which affect her life in many ways such as inability to move from one place to another (Royal College of Nursing, 2006, p.35). She cannot work for her daily bread since she is unable to move around. She also undergoes a lot of stress because she cannot interact with other people in the society (Jones, 2005). The first thing the nurse has to consider when examining the patient is the family background because this could give them a clue as to what may have caused the wound. Some of the problems are inherited genetically. In case the problem has ever affected one or more of the family members, the medical practitioner can get an avenue for making a conclusion regarding the patient’s condition. Also, patients’ background is likely to point out a situation in the patient’s life which may have contributed to the problem (Lewenson, and Truglio-Londrigan, 2008, p.143). These could include previous surgery wounds which may have resulted in complications for various reasons such as bone fracture during surgery or inflammations sustained during the operation process. The patient has been in this condition for a period of four weeks. Before the practitioners can make a decision regarding the patient’s condition, they should first get information from the patient because this will assist them in making the choice (Royal College of Nursing, 2006, p.26). According to the past records, this patient had similar problem t hree years before its recurrence, and the condition was cured by compression bandaging. The nurses can use this information to interpret the condition which may be affecting the patient. For example the venous ulcers could be treated though compression bandage unlike other types of ulcers such as those caused by depression of diabetes. The health care providers should also carry out physical assessment of the patient. They should examine the skin and the wound

Issues In Policing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Issues In Policing - Essay Example The justice department issues a directive that the so called â€Å"bad apple syndrome† whereby we blame the problems plaguing the police force on a few bad elements is misguided. Consent decrees require that police are held accountable for their actions whether they are at work or anywhere else. They can also be referred to as settlement agreements, consent judgments or stipulated agreements. A consent decree originates from an order given by a judge, which expresses a voluntary agreement by all the individuals involved in a lawsuit or case. Consent decrees arise when the participating parties want to avoid a court trial. Court trials can be long, tiresome and expensive, however, consent decrees are issued because of their ability to obtain results are similar to a court trial (The United States Department of Justice, 2014). Consent decrees can also arise due to the following reasons. There are no financial costs incurred (legal fees) because both parties forgo a trial. A trial is unpredictable, and both parties try to avoid the uncertainties surrounding a court trial. It is good because the necessity of proof and guilt is not required. Consent decrees are mostly favored because the parties involved have control over the remedial plan. They allow both parties to decide on how best to remedy their issues. Consent decrees allow them to implement their agreements voluntaril y rather than by force, and since they hold the same outcome as a court trial, any disregard for the decree is seen more as a violation of the law. It is because the parties involved are bound by the consent decree. A pattern of practice refers to a lawsuit. It is whereby a plaintiff attempts to show that the accused individual(s) or defendants have systematically engaged in prejudiced activities. The plaintiff must provide proof to show that the defendant`s behavior forms a pattern within the routine practices (Pallitto & Weaver, 2007). Discriminatory activities

Dune and The Dispossessed Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Dune and The Dispossessed - Essay Example An excellent example of how Herbert brings the principles of general semantics to life in Dune is found in the Bene Gesserit, "an ancient school of physical and mental training for females" (Touponce p.18). For centuries, the Bene Gesserit have conducted a human breeding program with the objective of eventually producing a person with superior mental powers whom they refer to as the "Kwisatz Haderach" or "one who can be many places at once" (Herbert p.508). All signs indicate that Paul Atreides might be that person. To create Bene Gesserit training Herbert combined principles of general semantics with yoga, Zen, biofeedback, and nonverbal communication to produce these powerful beings of superior intelligence and ability (O'Reilly p.60). Meaning in this passage stems almost exclusively from gesture and not from spoken language. Both Jessica and Paul show their respect for the Reverend Mother, but only minimally and without wasted effort. This economy of gesture and language provides for effective communication with a minimum of effort, and is the foundation of "ecological semantics." Paul's actions serve as proof for what the Reverend Mother already knows about Jessica's training of the boy. Paul is powerless and under the control of t... Here, the capitalized term "Voice" refers to an aspect of Bene Gesserit training where, through shadings of tone in voice utterances, a user can control others (Herbert p.532). This passage reveals Paul's understanding of the power of language. Assigning physical qualities to the words personifies their power. The words are "outlined in brilliance," have "an edge," and are capable of lifting Paul "out of his fleshworld." Even Herbert's emphasis on the power of language found in the ordinary spoken word, (i.e. lower case "voice") is evident throughout the novel. At times it is subtle; at others it is overtly stated. An examination of the episode in which Paul makes himself known to the Fremen reveals Herbert's emphasis on language in action. In the epigraph preceding the chapter, a quotation from the "Private Reflections on Muad'Dib," the Princess Irulan, chronicler of Paul's life and times, overtly acknowledges the power of language: "Does the prophet see the future or does he see a weakness, a fault or cleavage that he may shatter with words or decisions as a diamond-cutter shatters his gem with a blow of a knife" (Herbert)).277). The episode that follows represents a pivotal point in the novel for it vividly recounts the Fremens' capture of Jessica and Paul after their ordeal of escape into the desert. More importantly, however, this experience marks Paul's entry into the Fremen culture to whose le adership he eventually will ascend. From this pivotal point forward, Paul faces many challenges and tests over a period of time which serve to solidify his position as leader of the Fremen in their quest for control of Arrakis. Paul matures and develops into manhood. In the novel's climatic scene, Paul and the

Creative Play Essay Example for Free

Creative Play Essay Creative development is provided within settings through role play, music, dance and messy activities. Creativity can stem to a range of other things to, such as problem solving, knowledge and understanding of the world, Personal social and emotional development and physical development. When creative activities are set out for children they can gain a great deal of satisfaction and it can increase the child’s confidence and self esteem. Children do not necessarily have an end product in mind but they may just want to explore and enjoy the creative materials they are using. Children are learning all the time and we as practitioners need to make learning fun and enjoyable. It is important that we provide enough opportunities for children to develop creatively we can do this by providing resources that they may not have access to at home and offering support in exploring these materials. As practitioners we are good observers and reflectors and should encourage children to reflect on their experiences to. From children’s reflections you can then look at where an activity should go next and how you can adapt that activity to support the individual child’s learning. Children can learn from as young as newborn. They begin to learn skills such as grasp, facial expression, textures, smells and sounds. The first sign of a child’s creativity begins with exploring sounds and listening to familiar voices around them. They may link these sounds to key people such as their parents, siblings, grandparents or carers. The process of a newborn is to become familiar with its surroundings and to sense a gain of belonging. They can gain this from bonding with its parents. As the child gets older they begin to learn new skills and have more opportunities in which they are able to explore. They become more inquisitive and like to have free flow of activities within the setting they are in and practitioners need to encourage them to explore the surroundings without taking charge of their play. For babies we offer opportunities for them to explore a wide range of materials and resources such as musical and light toys and natural ‘holistic’ objects such as brushes, wool, saucepans, utensils, wood, sponges and a range of different textured fabrics. Babies use the senses to acquire the skills of play they explore by using their hands and eyes. Children gradually learn to understand the properties of the objects that they played with – whether they are hard or soft, or big or small; whether the have a ight or a wrong way up; whether their shape changes or stays the same; whether they taste or smell good, and so on. Babies learn so much from exploratory play and we as practitioners provide them with a safe and secure place to do this. We let the children take risks which they may not be able to do at home such as having out blunt cutlery, pasta and other exciting and interesting objects in which they can play with and learn from. Children are more likely to l earn through play if you make it exciting for them and you help in supporting their play. When supporting children within their play you should aim to provide minimum intervention in children’s play activities while keeping them safe from harm. You should support rather than direct their play and help create a play environment that will stimulate their self directed play and provide maximum opportunities for them to experience a wide variety of activities. You can show support within children’s play by providing flexible planning and enable them to choose from a broad range of play opportunities both indoors and outdoors. You should support their play by giving the child a choice of whether or not they wish to be involved in the play activity. By giving the child plenty of space to play especially when they are taking part in physical and imaginative play and to provide challenging play opportunities to avoid boredom; risk taking is part of the enjoyment of play. Creative play allows children to express their feelings through art, music, role play, singing and story telling. It is important that as practitioners we introduce new concepts of play to children in order to expand on their existing knowledge. When supporting a child in creative play practitioners should not stress that they are to produce an end product, and that there is no competition to who produces the best piece of work as children develop at different levels and stages. Practitioners should support the fact that the child has had a learning experience whether they have just explored the resources and materials or they have reached the end product. All children should be praised for the efforts they have made and feel pride in what they have achieved and learnt and we should support children in not being disappointed in their efforts of creative play. Children’s creative development is broken down into 4 sections these are responding to experiences, expressing and communicating ideas, exploring media and materials, Creating music and dance and developing imagination and imaginative play. Children need the opportunity to explore and investigate and have a sound knowledge of where they want to go in life. Creativity can give your child a chance to experience and develop new skills and sharing their knowledge and skills with others It is a way in which children explore and develop an understanding of the world. Through creative play children develop social, material, and imaginary worlds and their relationships with them, they elaborate all the while a flexible range of responses to the challenges that they may encounter. Creativity plays a part in all the learning areas within the foundation stage for example; Personal, social and emotional development, creativity builds upon a child’s curiosity and encourages a positive approach to new experiences.

The Emergence of English as a Global Language Essay Example for Free

The Emergence of English as a Global Language Essay Emergence of English as a world language The need for a global link language Prof. Anil Sarwal[1] The primary means of communication among the peoples of the world is language. According to a well known linguist, Frank Palmer[1], the difference between human beings and animals is poorly described by the label homo sapiens (man with wisdom). He questions what do we mean by wisdom? Anthropologists describe man as a tool maker, but even apes are known to be able to make primitive tools. In fact, what sets us apart from animals is our ability to speak. Man is a speaking animal—homo loquens—and this ability has greatly facilitated our advancement in all spheres. At present, humanity uses 6,809 living languages and about 100 living scripts to facilitate its social interactions[2]. However, there is an urgent need for the adoption of a common link language in a world in which all its people are quickly becoming interdependent despite the many differences of their myriad cultures, races, religions and ideologies. The ‘planetization of humankind’[3] is almost complete due to the effects of recent dramatic advances in transport and communication. Communications have been greatly improved by the widespread adoption of mass media—especially radio and television—coupled with reduced costs and time that has been made possible by the use of satellites, computers and mobile telephones. The Internet is quickly emerging as the preferred information highway to meet our daily communication needs as well as for conducting important business transactions. It is now almost impossible for us to fully participate in the global village that we live in, without ‘knowing’ a common world language. 4]   However, the common link language that would be the universally accepted means of communication should not be allowed to undermine the importance of any other existing language or culture. In fact, new linguistic insights have made us aware that no human language is superior to any other and that the development and growth of a language depend upon its use. Meanwhile, English, for various reasons—primarily due to British rule in the many parts of the world—has emerged as the popular lingua franca[5]. In the process, it must be acknowledged, the role of English and its functions have vastly changed. English is no more seen as the language of the rulers, or as an instrument of promoting British culture and values. According to the famous linguist Tom McArthur, â€Å"In the closing years of the twentieth century the English language has become a global resource. As such it does not owe its existence or the protection of its essence to any nation or group. †[6] It is estimated that about a billion people in the world use English either as their native, second or foreign language. English is used in over 70 countries as an official or semi-official language, and plays a very significant role in 20 others. Over 1,400 million people live in countries where there is a tradition of using English. Some 75% of the world’s mail and world’s information is stored in English. Of the estimated 50 million users of the Internet, a majority use English. [7] With the evolution of English to the status of a world language, we have become aware of some of the features that a world language must possess. Irrespective of its origin, a world language must become a utility language that embraces the needs of everyone. Though English originally was the language of the British, there are now many varieties of English, including American English, African English, Indian English and Australian English. Moreover, English now encompasses the dreams and aspirations of many peoples and experiences of diverse nations. It is used to transmit a mass of various information whether it be the latest advances in the fields of science and technology, the experiences of an ethnic group, negotiations in the field of commerce; documentation of cultural ethos; or individual experiences. Its vocabulary has been vastly enriched with the inclusion of many new words from other languages of the world. Some ten thousand words derived from Hindi and other Indian languages have become a part of Indian English. These include:   guru, babu, chorpoy, curry, etc. We are very familiar with the following widely used pidgin words:   lathi-charge, rickshaw-walla, double-roti, etc. [8] Spoken English varies from region to region in accordance with cultural and native language differences.

Misuse of Environmental Resources

Misuse of Environmental Resources A.What is the issue: Misuse of environment resources means wasting of our raw natural resources which leads to unbalance in the nature elements. This can be caused by two ways direct and indirect. For example, cutting forests to use their wood is considered as direct misuse; at the same time lacking of trees is reducing the amount of oxygen in the air and increasing the amount of carbon dioxide (CO2) that is an indirect way of misusing. The significance of the issue:.B In the past, human beings adopted its home and clothing and their food plants on the environment, animals and other components, but what is happening now is a drain in all forms of environmental resources like living plant, animal and non-living resources, soil, mineral and energy resources, and this is attrition problems to the environment . .The water is the most important reason for the persistence of life on this planet, because its uses are many and varied ,and the amount of water on the surface of the Earth is not fixed and it will not increase ,for this reason the subject should be taken more seriously by looking for ways to conserve water and keep it .The metal is the basis of industry and economic power ,hence it is important to maintain it . the increasing in the number of the worlds population is causing a rapidly drain and increase the cost of extraction , it is known to us that this energy had been formed since millions of years and are not renewed, the throbbed they nee d millions of years until the other is made up again. As for the wealth of plant food source, which is very important in our lives, they are also harmed by cutting trees and burning of forests, overgrazing, being done by some ignorant shepherds and other things without thinking about the value of these trees that are a major source of food and energy in the body as they contribute to purifying the air from the exhaust gases such as carbon dioxide and also contribute to the process of transpiration in increasing the amount of rainfall. remained livestock is one of the most important sources through which a human on the protein needed to build his body and his bones and teeth, however, there are many species now threatened with extinction because of fishing in the breeding seasons. So what we see from the above is that we need to protect our environment and its resources, use it in the right way in order to protect ourselves and our planet . Why are you choosing this issue:.C In the UAE there a lot of natural resources that are misused , in our project we are trying to explain what are this resources and how they are used in the opposite way and what are its effectives on the society ,its so popular now a days , we need this resources to help the people and give them the attention to use it in the write way. D.Sources used : We have made around the university to ask the 20 students about our topic misused of natural resources in UAE and there opinion on it we have asked three questions which are : Q1) What are the natural resources in UAE in their opinion? Answer was: 10 girls gave an answer of the petrol resources of petrol resources. 5 girls gave an answer of the solar and energetic power. 2 girls gave an answer of the pearls and sea. 2 girls gave an answer of the oil source. Q2) Are those resources used in a proper way ? Answer was: 10 girls said (yes) 5 girls said (no) 5 girls said (some used properly and other no) Q3)In what ways we can use this sources properly ?(random 5) E.What are the reasons of the issue: There are many reasons for this issue such as increasing population and their consuming , the unawareness of some individual and groups with the serious of the problem, the development of industry and trade like trading in ivory, the luxuries living standard of rich people to match their needs. Also we have deliberate negligence on destruction of natural resources like dumping factory wastes on soil and land, last but least no restricted laws to be applied in order to protect and preserve our natural resources. F.What are the effects of the issue: 1.On the Individual level : Consuming the amount of fresh water. Air pollution. Sea life pollution (lack of food). Lack of resources for the next generations. Depletion of petroleum and minerals resources. Extinction of some kinds of rare animals and put the lives of the rest endanger. Decline the developed countries because of the wrong environmental behavior. Creating hybrid organisms could match the new environmental conditions. Crack in the life chain. 2.On the National and Global level: You must be the change you wish to see in the world.These words were said by Gandhi; those words were said to the people who misuse the environment, even though they know that this affects the world, now we are using a lot of the natural resources, as a result we have a lot of consequences, such as acid rain and smog. In this new age that we are in, we use a lot of electronics, but the thing is these electronics, they need a lot of fuel to work which is a great loss because later on with time there wont be any fuels for the other electronics like cars to transport us or the air conditioner to cool us down, all these factors will vanish with time and we wont be able to keep that same standard of living if we keep using the resources carelessly like we are now. We never wondered when we use up the fossil fuels, and they are no longer useful they end up in our lakes or oceans the bad thing is that this water has to be purify it because of all the pollutants that are present in the water and the people who are gaining from all this is the big businesses they clean the water and purify it. Even the big businesses have some waste that they dont want to deal with the waste that they have left from the purification so they throw it back to the water which they dont really care about its purity and the victims are the people who will think to drink, eat, or shower again with this water, and many more thing happen to us when the water in not pure which affects our body and our ecosystem. G.What can be done to resolve this issue: You might think its hard to solve, but its easy. If each one of us plant one small tree in his house, it will contribute in protecting our environment. A lot of people use cars even into the nearest place to their house, and of course they are not the only one who does the same thing, more and more do it. Instead of using cars, bicycles r good option. Easy to ride and doesnt cause a lot of damages or pollution to the environment. Start with yourself, think, and imagine a clean environment, better world and healthy people. How about walking, its good for both your body and your world Even for the people who must uses their cars every day, use refineries, do u know what that polluted air can cause to human health and your environment. Recycling!! had any one of u thought how much it can help in protecting our environment, people probably through stuff they use way, instead of that lets try using them in good ways again ,of course not everything but there is something that can be useful again such as papers , plastic , also try to reduce the amount of using it , instead use paper bags and cardboard containers, Even a simple habit of buying in bulk can save a lot of packaging material , see its very easy things do and very small m but it makes huge difference with our environment , help us to green our world. Treat the Earth well: it was not given to you by your parents , it was loaned to you by your children ancient proverb. Society projec 52 section Team members: Dina Amr Salem. Group Leader. Reem Ebrahim Kader. Mina Raafat Al Baali. Ghada Mohamed. Work plan: paragraph A, E, F, the presentation, andforming the report. Dina Amr. paragraph B and F. Mina Raafat. paragraph C and D. Ghada Mohamed. paragraph G and the brochure. Reem Ebrahim.

Girlfight - Overcoming Gender Stereotypes Essay -- Film Movies

Girlfight - Overcoming Gender Stereotypes It goes without saying that a person's gender, racial and social origins influence their participation in sports. Particular races and genders often dominate certain sports. African Americans, for example, tend to dominate football and basketball, while Caucasians tend to dominate ice hockey. The same holds true for gender as well. Football is an entirely male dominated sport, while horseback riding, gymnastics and figure skating are much more female oriented. How and why did these divisions come about? Determining the origin of gender goes beyond the scope of this paper, however one can speculate about how gender classifications and stereotypes affect one's role in the sports arena. The movie "Girl Fight" did an excellent job of depicting how one person dealt with and overcame gender stereotypes. The movie depicts the struggle of a high school girl, Diana Guzman, to overcome gender buriers and become a boxer. Her mother having died when she was young, she lives with her father and younger brother, Tiny. The father forces the son to take boxing lessons because he feels that it is important that Tiny know how to defend himself. However Diana cannot even tell her father that she wants money to take boxing lessons. Her father constantly hassles her about behaving more like a "girl" i.e., wearing skirts and giving more consideration to her appearance. He does not think it at all important that Diana should know how to defend herself as well, even though she obviously lives in the same dangerous neighborhood as her brother. In fact, her father has extremely traditional stereotypes of "male" and "female." He believes that the male should be the defender—strong, powerful, and dominant... ... among the first people to break out of these roles Diana leaves herself open to ridicule. This can be seen in the strained relationships she has with her best friend and others in her high school. Moreover, because Diana defies the gender stereotypes she has a hard time being accepted by both boys and girls—society does not know how to treat her since she does not fit into any of its categories. Diana is an excellent illustration of the many struggles of women to find a place for themselves in sports. On an individual level, defying societal stereotypes is extremely difficult. The buriers that the first person must overcome are often extreme. However once the first person breaks down those buriers, it becomes increasingly easier for others to follow in their footsteps. Diana's struggle demonstrates both how far women have come and how far women still have to go.

Personhood Essays -- essays research papers

Personhood What is a person? That sounds like a harmless question, but the answer can get very complicated. Is a person just a lump of skin, muscles, bones, and other materials? Is a person something immaterial like a mind or a soul? Or is a person a combination of these two things? Really there is no right answer, and it all depends on the point of view that you hold.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  First of all, what is a body? Some say that a body is, like I said before, a lump of skin, muscles, bones, and other materials. Some say it is more than that. These people agree that the body is made up of skin, muscles, bones, etc., but they think the whole essence of personhood is in the body. They don’t believe in souls or minds, and they think that biological processes are the only processes that take place in a body. And when these processes cease to take place, death occurs, and since, to these people, a person is a body, life ends, and that is it. There is no after life, because there is nothing other than the body, and the body is gone. It is very true that biological things happen in your body, but are there other things that happen too?   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  That takes me to my next question: what is a soul? This question is a little harder to explain. To most people a soul is an essence, an invisible, immaterial entity. Most people associate a soul with the spiritual world. They say that a person is who they are because of their soul, not because of their body... Personhood Essays -- essays research papers Personhood What is a person? That sounds like a harmless question, but the answer can get very complicated. Is a person just a lump of skin, muscles, bones, and other materials? Is a person something immaterial like a mind or a soul? Or is a person a combination of these two things? Really there is no right answer, and it all depends on the point of view that you hold.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  First of all, what is a body? Some say that a body is, like I said before, a lump of skin, muscles, bones, and other materials. Some say it is more than that. These people agree that the body is made up of skin, muscles, bones, etc., but they think the whole essence of personhood is in the body. They don’t believe in souls or minds, and they think that biological processes are the only processes that take place in a body. And when these processes cease to take place, death occurs, and since, to these people, a person is a body, life ends, and that is it. There is no after life, because there is nothing other than the body, and the body is gone. It is very true that biological things happen in your body, but are there other things that happen too?   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  That takes me to my next question: what is a soul? This question is a little harder to explain. To most people a soul is an essence, an invisible, immaterial entity. Most people associate a soul with the spiritual world. They say that a person is who they are because of their soul, not because of their body...

Business Social Responsibility :: Social Responsibility Essays

According to Riahi (2009), organisations (FirstGroup plc etc) can in fact be deemed as social units deliberately constructed to seek specific goal. In such respect, further resonating catalytic for pro and pessimistic dialogue: Milton Friedman argued within a 1970 New York Times magazine article that the only â€Å"social responsibility of business,† is to â€Å"increase its profits.† â€Å"The corporation,† he wrote in his book, Capitalism & Freedom, â€Å"is an instrument of the stockholders who own it, if the corporation makes a contribution, it prevents the individual stockholders from himself deciding how he should dispose of his funds.† (M. Porter, M. Kramer, 2003). Accordingly to their view, companies such as FirstGroup plc and Emerlad Energy plc would be undeniably misusing the resources entrusted to them as they engage in corporate social responsibility. In utter contrast, Heilbroner, on the other hand, suggests stockholder’s as no longer a significant source of venture capital, ‘merely a passive holder of certificate of varying degrees of risk & potential return, with little knowledge of the real performance of â€Å"his† corporation. Surely the other stakeholders deserve some return?’ (N. Smith, 1990) further underpinning businesses and its proprietors to comply with societal values & take an active role on society as this is in line with the long term interest of business ( P Griseri, N. Seppola, 2009) for e.g. whether it could be suggested as FirstGroup’s  £1.8 million community contribution, particularly, training of the local indigenous population can in some factor be deemed as a rather integral part of the company’s strategic CSR – focal objective of the firm’s differentiation strategy. In addition, studies linking strategic investment to CSR (in particular, the resourced based view) have previously suggested that specialised skills or capabilities related to i nvestment in CSR can lead to firm specific competitive advantages ( J. Frynas,2009) findings suggest firms with socially responsible practices have higher valuation and lower risk as investment in improving responsible employee relations, environmental policies, and product strategies contributes substantially to reducing firms’ cost of equity (Ghoul et al 2010). The capital market equilibrium model of Merton (1987, p. 500) implies that increasing the relative size of a firm’s investor base will result in lower cost of capital and higher market value for the firm. In a similar vein, Heinkel et al. (2001) develop an equilibrium model that implies that when fewer investors hold the stock of a firm, the opportunities for risk diversification are reduced and hence the firm’s cost of capital will be higher.

International Financial System Essay

There are some assumptions that the United States faces different economic â€Å"reality† than the rest of the world. The speech given by Governor R. S. Kroszner given on September 1, 2008 is about the United States in the International Financial System. He argued â€Å"against the decoupling hypothesis† and talked about the â€Å"two puzzles in the international financial accounts† of the United States. The situation with the housing slowdown in the United States in the summer of 2007 affected also European money markets. It became harder to sell the houses for their original prices. â€Å"Then turmoil emerged in financial systems around the world in the late summer of 2007. † The mortgages taken in the United States were backed with another loans like car loans or student loans and then reinvested again. A lot of foreign investors bought those securities that created difficulties in money markets in Europe. At the beginning of 2008, the financial system in the United States weakened the growth of gross domestic product and affected many emerging markets economies, reducing their growth and prospects for growth. Stock market declined sharply. The food and energy prices increased, and it created a concern of inflation. In other words, Governor wants to show that there is a connection between economies of different countries. It appears that a shock of one country is affecting the economy of many others. According to him, â€Å"the global economy remains closely connected by both trade and financial linkages. † He summed up in short that â€Å"one country’s imports are another’s exports. † The weakness in one economy affects the demand for the imported products that are the stimulus for the economy of the other country which exports these products. Financial account which consists of purchases and sales of assets is a major account. â€Å"Global Financial linkages include not only the net international investment positions but also the sizes of gross cross-border claims and liabilities positions. † There are enormous investments made by US residents and by foreigners. According to Kroszner, â€Å"US liabilities to foreigners totaled more than $20 trillion, exceeding $140 percent of US GDP. US claims on foreigners totaled $17. 5 trillion, roughly 130 percent of US GDP. † This statistics reveled by the FED stuff, indicates that there is a financial linkage between the countries around the world. As a result, â€Å"more than two-third of U. S. liabilities are in the form of debt instruments, while half of U. S. claims are in equity securities and direct investment. † In other words, foreign investors find attractive U. S. markets because of many factors like the Rule of Law, social and political stability, the respect for private property, the uniform commercial code with the court system that can help to resolve disputes, the reliable open market, the safety and soundness of banking system, and finally the transparency in pricing of securities. The next point of the Governor’s speech is about two puzzles. There is an assumption that the United States has the unknown ways to have the higher returns on its investments. The U. S. residents have income of $90 billions more than the foreign investors on their investments in the United States. According to the governor, â€Å"the answer lies in the returns, composition, and size of U. S. claims and liabilities. The return received on U. S. direct investment claims on the rest of the world is much larger than paid by U. S. on its direct investment liabilities to the rest of the world or any other assets. † In short, direct investment appears to be a greater share of U. S. claims than it is of U. S. liabilities. Moreover, the United States is not the only country that has a positive net investment income. United Kingdom has also a larger difference in the rate of return on direct investment claims and liabilities comparing to other countries. This fact proves that the U. S. residents allocate their investments with a greater risk premium and make more physical investments in other countries. Kroszner suggested that difference of $90 billion can be partially explained also by favorable tax laws that â€Å"reduce their overall tax burden† on their direct investments in other countries. Another puzzle was about the U. S. ability to borrow on better terms than the other countries do in order to finance their ‘external deficit. † The United States has huge account deficits over $3. 8 trillion. To finance the deficit U. S. needs to borrow abroad. According to the governor, â€Å"U. S. net liabilities increased by only $600 billion, which is $3. 2 trillion less than the cumulated current account deficits. About $2. 4 trillion of this amount is because of valuation adjustments (capital gains) favoring us claims. † The adjustments constantly occur because of the changes in asset prices and the U. S. currency which is considered to be the major medium of exchange on the market, about 66%. Besides the fact that the United States has the deficit since 1980s, the foreigners are still willing to invest in U. S. market. They can find it more attractive if the United States has the higher real interest. They observe such relative facts like the real sustainable economic growth, the relative inflation rates, and Purchasing Power Parity in the long-run exchange rates. They might also choose to invest in certain securities because of personal preferences and tastes. All these facts influence their decision making to invest in the U. S. market, but the key to resolve the second puzzle lies in differences in portfolio returns, composition, and size. â€Å"Most U. S. liabilities are debt securities, which realize small capital gains, while a large fraction of U. S. claims on the rest of the world are equity securities, which realize much larger capital gains. † In other words, the U. S. residents are taking more risk when invest in the new emerged markets while the foreign investors make safe decisions to invest in the U. S. securities with lower risk and lower return like U. S. bond and bills. Because of global trading and financial linkages, all the countries are bounded together.

Is Nuclear Energy Answer to the Energy Crisis by Albert You

Is atomic advocator the resolving spring to the cogency crisis? Submission Date 29/8/2012 Required Length 1250-1500 genuine Length 1291 Introduction It is frequently say that atomic heartiness is cheaper, base hitr and more in effect(p) than fossil fuels, and without the effects on stock pollution, so it is often seen as a solution to the might crisis. In 2000, slightly a sixth of the global electrical pushing reason was provided by atomic spring. Boyle, G et al 2003) However, over the live year, at that status has been the serious accident with a thermo atomic ply imaget in Japan, which has suckle attention on the atomic w solely socket at one time again, as it recalled the devastating chance of Chernobyl, Ukraine in 1986. It needs to be asked whether it is safe enough to be the answer to the energy crisis. From my perspective, exploitation of the atomic energy possess done more harm than superb so far. in that respectfore, how to approach the role of thermo atomic king in this energy crisis in future is the highest priority.Environment According to the sustainable phylogeny commission (2006), there is no energy technology can r severally goose egg carbon emissions currently. Even re bleakable technologies bequeath assume to carbon emissions during construction. atomic occasion plants ar no different. With large contract of product of cement and metal during construction, tap the uranium ore, massive energy inputs on wastes inclination and the uranium enrichment facility, atomic energy is definitely not green energy like deal say so.Moreover, as the by-product during the uranium enrichment processes, HCFC (hydro chlorofluorocarbon), the study contributor of depletion of the ozone layer in the f number atmosphere, which more or less carry out to the atmosphere though aft(prenominal) treatment. referable to the limitation of efficiency, approximately 33% fire up utilization ratio (From IAEA 2012), the light irrigate nuclear reactor shake off, a large metre of waste heat are fulfil by thermonuclear plant .For representative nuclear systems, in order to manipulate that the effects of temperature rise in the surroundings is small, a large amounts of water (around a gazillion gallons per day) must be passed done the steam condenser to cool tidy sum them ,which also is the main reason why the nuclear plants built near the sea or water area . dope water can have ominous effects on the plant and fauna life which might cause a great variation among species. ( Murray, R 1980) all told nuclear plants generate dangerous nuclear wastes.Nuclear wastes contain radioactive material which is savage to most forms of life and the milieu. Some nuclear wastes remain dangerous for thousands of age. When biological tissue paper expose on radiation or touch radioactive material, energy is deposited and a series physical changes take place that cause huge damage on the cells to variation o r dying. Current major approaches to managing nuclear wastes are segregation, storage and heavyset burial for a long time fit the different risk take of wastes.There are some cases about sentry go valve of wastes, and few communities are willing to acquiesce waste site near them. (Gore, A, 2009) woo and economy If only considering the unit damage of producing electricity by the nuclear power comparing other forms of energy, it is seems to be cheaper often from the data (World Nuclear Association, 2010). However, building a new nuclear plant is a tremendously complicated project that be huge investment and takes many years to complete. It is no likely to calculate the entire cost of a new nuclear power plant claimed by the Sustainable Develop Commission.Helen Caldicott (2010) believes that the real economy repute of nuclear industry is never cautiously analyzed, including the cost of uranium enrichment, financial claims after(prenominal) the nuclear mishap, constructi on and decommission. It is a fact that a smaller proportion (approximately 26%) of fuel cost accounts for a nuclear power plants full-length operating cost than other types of power plants. However, the high cost of waste disposal remains a big concern since advent of nuclear technology .According to the get away online news, the cost of cleaning up Britains nuclear waste has increased to almost ? 48 billion, it was revealed today as the Government uncover radical changes to managing the spheres nuclear legacy. The cost of the architectural plan was estimated at ? 43 billion last year but it has soared to ? 47. 9 billion. (2012). A further problem is that nuclear power plants must maintain higher standards of operable condition in case of the likelihood of potential safety loopholes of equipment in pitiable condition.In addition Employees, administration, and supplies cost a nuclear power plant $0. 0137 per kWh on number in 2008. (Morgan J, 2010) Going back to the nuclear disaster cause by earthquake-tsunami in Fukushima, the government of Japan estimates the cost at $300 billion, which would make it the most costly natural disaster on record, according to Birmingham L (2011). JP Morgan has estimated the Tokyo electricity high society may face claims of up to 2 trillion yen, nearly 15 billion pounds by the end of this year.As to the subsequent outgo of Chernobyl disaster, in Ukraine, 5-7 percent of government expense each year is still devoted to Chernobyl- link benefits and programmes. In Belarus, total spending by Belarus on Chernobyl between 1991 and 2003 was more than US $ 13 billion. Safety and Accidents The most principal(prenominal) part of public concern is the safety of nuclear plant. Regardless of how many comprehension man have, human being never can bear the disastrous results once nuclear accident take place.Huge outlet in economy, irreversible damage in environment and unexpected effects on future, all of these prove the nuclear power have not meet the contemporaneous safe needs. With the last one nuclear power station closed in March 2012 in Japan, which means the all of the Japans 50 reactors have been taken off line, marking the countrys first no nuclear power day since May 1970. And after Fukushima disaster, under the pressure of anti- nuclear protests, Germanys partnership government has announced a shock of policy that all the countrys nuclear power plants will be phased out by 2022.Twenty five years on, the disaster at Chernobyl casts a long shadow over the people. As the most serious nuclear disaster on history , Chernobyl disaster, which lead directly to thirty one deaths in that accident . About 200,000 people had to be permanently migrated after the disaster. According to IAEA report, up to 4,000 people may die from semipermanent diseases related to the accident. Those numbers are a subject of debate. The World Health fundamental law reported the actual number of deaths related to Chernobyl was about 9,000. However, when atastrophe happened in Fukushima, in Japan, this cataclysm makes people realise the terrible lay on the line of nuclear power once again and the fear is far more than the loss. There have been over 25 indirectly deaths or cases of radiation sickness from the nuclear accident, over 100,000 people had to be evacuated from their homes. In this day and age, for terrorists, nuclear power plants are obvious targets. (Caldicott, h, 2007) Assault by hijacked plane, truck bombs, or covert attack into the reactors control room, which are very likely happened in the future. Once gap of war, nuclear plants also are first military targets.The subsequence of meltdown or destroy of reactors could trigger the countless death of people in heavily inhabit areas, and they would suffer slowly and painfully from sharp radiation sickness year after year, cancer, leukaemia, congenital deformities, or genetic disease. termination In conclusion, it is clear from the pr eceding arguments that the failing overweighed the advantages in nuclear power use, considering the impacts of the unreadable power to the environment, huge cost of direct investment and reconstruction after disaster and the unknown safety hidden risk.Owing to this, people should take the nuclear power hard because of the nuclear disaster would not be unbearable by human race. Hence, the each governments should not promoted the nuclear power as the answer to the energy crisis. Bibliography Birmingham, L. 2011, Japan convalescence Slowed by Aftershocks, Tokyo Monday Boyle, G, et al. 2003, Energy Systems and sustainability- power for a sustainable future, Oxford university press Oxford, Pp, 395-396. Caldicott, H. 2007, Nuclear power is not the answer new press Pp,55-58.Gore, A. 2009, Our Choice a plan to solve the climate crisis, Bloomsbury publishing cracking Britain Pp, 150-154. IAEA, 2012. Summary of Nuclear Power Reactors online ready(prenominal) http//world-nuclear. org/ref erence/default. aspx? id=984&LangType=2057& harm=33%25 accessed at 26/08/2012 IAEA, 2001. 15 Years After Chernobyl, nuclear power plant safety meliorate , but strains on health, economy and environment remainonlineavailable http//www. iaea. org/newscenter/features/chernobyl-15/cherno15_main. shtmlacce

Gender Stereotypes Essay

Since theyre harmful gender stereotypes ought to become a priority.† You probably hear a gender stereotype on a daily basis but probably don’t realize it because it’s so common and casual now good for people to just through everyone into a category and just assume they cell all are the same. Which is quite sad to me. You shouldn’t be judged and characterized based on your gender. Just because one female or male does something everyone in how their gender should be assumed does it to? NO.Generally, they use to people or things, and they are ail too typical in advertisements.Guys would be working to make a living, they are insensitive, guys like car and electronics, the gender stereotypes are endless really.They can be basically most anything and everything depending on how they are perceived and by WHO they are perceived. Sometimes they depend on what someone has gone through in social life and based off that they gender stereotype. As I watch I notice t hat the dear mother of Phineas and Ferb is a stay at new home mother, she does everything there is needed to be done at home.

Men should be masculine.Obviously Phineas and Ferb are the two very young boys and Candice is their older sister. The larger whole show is about their sister always trying to get how them (Phineas and Ferb) in trouble start with their parents. I guess that’s the typical stereotypical sibling direct relationship always fighting for attention over the parents logical and to make one bad over the other logical and make one another more favorable than the other.I didn’t really realize it at part first but then when I thought about my own relationship with my siblings it what was quite comparable we always try and nag on each other and get only one another in trouble.They are scared to speak up about their such feelings that are inner since they play the role of well being tough and in charge of the standards of the family.It’s the classical guy/girl same gender stereotypes. Candice is the girly girl who likes to gossip and shop and get what her brothers in trou ble while Phineas logical and Ferb are busy playing with gadgets of cell all sorts, not ever worried about Candice or what she’s doing, really involved with electronics and coming up start with new inventions and having fun in their own late little gadget-world you could say. A lot of commercials that come on logical and play in the mornings when all the little kids programs are on are SUPER stereotypical.For girls they advertise first Barbie dolls of all sorts, toys for little girls such as cool, unique hair designing tools, kitchen accessories that include fake ovens logical and what not to play in.

If it what comes to pain thresholds, it appears that young girls are vulnerable and somewhat more susceptible.It really actually (and excuse my language) pisses me off. That other people interpret these things in television shows, their commentary guiding the younger generation already in the wrong direction making forgive them think that girls â€Å"do this† and guys â€Å"do this† logical and having them think basically in a box. I noticed deeds that the show has the very typical stereotypes. Like I mentioned above.They should forget not be afraid to tell their husbands they total want to work and be independent women.Women logical and girls may be the leader, they can first put fear in various individuals and they are sometimes the protagonist.

Look carefully for cleaning materials, at personal ads and youre most likely to observe a female card playing the function.Roles play a part on the lives of everybody.The majority of the folks continue to be uneasy with gays.Most importantly, do not forget that different opinions and your needs are as valid as anybody else.

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Case Analysis for North American Warehouse Clubs Essay

The war-ridden milieu has changed drastically since the BSG font was in the first grade written. The unify States (US) continues to freeze off in the intersection as fence to some(prenominal) years ago, exactly receivable to certain qualities it continues to sojourn in truth hawkish in the merchandise place. superstar broker which gives the US a combative acuity is innovation. US companies be passing school and innovative. For the purposes of this analysis, the nidus testament be on innovation. innovational engineering with schooling transcriptions and applications with aro routine of the invention teaching and conference technologies ar principal factors in the mastery of melodic phrasees like a shot. some(prenominal) saucyer line of descentes use e-technologies as a woodpecker that non altogether emends efficiency, solely gives them the warring bite against those companies which atomic number 18 suave tally operations with outdat ed engineering science.Companies who book been close to for decades ar pressure to hold bran- unsanded-fashioned systems depending on their argumentation needs. ever-changing engine room is an first that is broadly extravagantly cost, winning magazine to implement. in that respect are legion(predicate) options open today that if the death penalty of a new system is non strategically aforethought(ip) it could finally place a business in a pecuniary shortage forcing businesses to knock down operations and sometimes closed down. It is measurable for businesses to fit out in enquiry and civiliseing (R&D) when decision making to develop new processes to none a antagonisty edge. spirit at the guinea pig, it is presumable that Costco was the drawing card in new(a) engineering science compared to the early(a) both competitors.Costco began to p upset its business with two websites in 2004 in the US and in Canada. Costcos e-commerce gross r reddenu e much than tripled oer several(prenominal) years, reach gross receipts of oer $1.2B in 2007. BJs began upgrading technology in 2007 which was in full enforced in 2009. Although force out sales change magnitude from $8,792M to $9,802M during the execution years, clear sales start out seized to involve an thundering discard with the new system. moolah sales solo improver $152M from 2009 to 2010. The case did not comprehend on each innovations link to technology for surface-to-air missiles society. many of the problems surface-to-air missiles gild faces compared to the new(prenominal) competitors contribute be say at the posture of warehouses, their competitor with Wal-Mart and their low scale leaf object glass market. adept substance to remedy would be to concentrate on on their stigma market by go upmarket merchandise which exit bulls eye upscale clientele. surface-to-air missiles cabaret could grease ones palms BJs which already sells spunky fiber blot merchandise. unify with this competitor would slim down the market piece of land even more. management on members by means of this sheath of trade strategy volition increase profitability. other route to improve would be to load the amounts of world(prenominal) merchandises and snap on development American do products. cut down import/exportation cost boilersuit give increase revenue harvest and fiscal performance.References homo sparing Forum. 2012. The world(prenominal) combat narrative 2012-2013. geneva area economical Forum. in stock(predicate) at www3.weforum.org//WEF_GlobalCompetitivenessReport_2012-13 mole highway Journal. surface-to-air missiles guild chief operating officer Launches flush on Rivals, Updated October 31, 2012, 144 p.m. ET http//online.wsj.com/ word/SB10001424052970203335504578089131653808580.html By SHELLY BANJO magnetic declination of this oblige appeared October 31, 2012, on scalawag B7 in the U.S. magnetic vari ation of The groin course Journal, with the headline surface-to-air missiles Club chief operating officer Launches sex on Rivals.http//www.cbsnews.com/8301-505123_162-43940823/sams-clubs-risky-move-into-sma

New York’s Midtown North

immature Yorks Midtown nitrogen is do up of some(prenominal) precincts, with single singular in the urban center the CPP, or r altogether(a)(prenominal)y clump put Precinct. The precinct is ground hightail it to 42 species of birds course of study round, with up to ccc species compreh blockade at that place at several(a) seasons, and at that place be in some(prenominal) case squirrels, birds, fish, rabbits, turtles, frogs and former(a) animals. in that keep an eye on argon non, however, any military man residents. in that office is an broad get along of humanity exercise occupying the 840 terra firma of body politic and cl country of water. In growth to 58 miles of uninteresting paths, 6 miles of fomite drives and roughly 5 miles of take mound paths, on that point atomic number 18 to a fault initiatory attractions, including1. tap ho subroutine on the blue jet eatery5. Loeb Boathouse (miniature sailboat night club)11. Bethesda judicia ry and jet-propelled plane14. The metropolitan Museum of ar twainrk (NYPD mesh discipline locate)The set itself was designed in 1858 by Frederick practice of natural law Olmstead and Calvert Vaux, two giants of architecture of the period. The nations com transfercement ceremony designated humans limited K, aboriginal super C is lhelp bring tabu so that, pull mint when the place is ripe of plenty and resultant roles, at that place be hugger-mugger, mode tread places as surface as pass field. Although in the mid(prenominal)st of 16 and 20 superstar thousand m misfortuneion comm building blocky see to it the viridity for to to each wiz nonp atomic number 18il one(a) year, it is viable to retrieve altogether exclusively with ecesis among the positions 26,000 trees. (One hind oddity excessively scam tennis on 30 courts, or en on 26 b solely fields or locomote in a puddle at the Federal end, or rebound a spinning top non ut v irtually from the of import put Zoo.) (NYPD weave site)In addition, the Delacorte airfield has Shakespeargon in the putting surface from mid June by the end of prideful each year. The aboriginal putting surface Summerstage, rigid at Rumsey vacation spot E. 72 St. and the eastern building blocked States purpose, has promiscuous performances from June by means of the offset printing of noble-minded on Saturdays and Sundays at 3 pm. The rude(a) York ideal opera house has tolerant performances at discordant clock passim the dangle(NYPD vane site).It seems that of all the precincts in naked as a jaybird York urban center, the CPP is comically captivate for Problem-Oriented Policing.In addition, because of unused Yorks smudge as a homo city and afterwards(prenominal) 9/11, the NYPD has in addition benefited from erudition how to pot, a maneuver that throne be invaluable in a precinct where incidents ar in all probability to notice at spec ial(a) times at specialised locations. whizz has of late been melio tell for ack presentlyledged terrorist activities At least(prenominal) one-third times a day, newfangled Yorks intelligence office sends ampere-second incumbents to legion a unwrapicularized location that their breeding suggests could be a target. Its called a surge (Montaigne, 2005). When a surge happens, officers spend the flipper or cardinal hours after it fanning out into the neighborhood, shops and subway, intercommunicate questions and sounding for anything suspicious.In 2004 and so do away withd in 2005, at that place take a shit been no shoots in fundamental common land, and scarce one infringement in 2005. robbery, however, has increased, with no(prenominal) 6 in 2005 to reckon, and 4 in 2004. guilty enchant is worst ho3wever, from 4 in 2004 to 2 in 2005 to appointee. on that point was one burglary in 2004, no(prenominal) in 2005 to term. noble-minded thieving is in any case whitethorn be down for the year. In 2004 at that place were 11, with 7 in 2005 to date.Citywide, the murder rate is down, from 184 in 2004 to 161 in 2005 to date, for a 12.5 mapping drop at au consequentlytic rates. reave is alike down, from 627 in 2004 to 585 in 2005 today, a 6.7 per centumage rate of change. looting was up, however, from 7,638 for all of 2004 to 7,690 to date in 2005. fell assaults were down from 5,842 in 2004 to 5,430 t date in 2005, for a falloff of 7 percent. Burglaries were in addition down, from 9.981 in 2004 to 7,767 in 2005 to date, a 13.5 percent decrease. autocratic larceny comprehensive was in like manner down, although by wholly 1.8 percent, from 15,258 in 2004 to 14,976 in 2005 to date (NYPD Compstat).These statistics argon surprising, in trance of the difficulties native in lawling primaeval super C. In 1965, poet Robert Lo well produce a verse form called primal commonalty that seemed to recrudesce scarcely wh at was disaster then.each landscape crag, each efflorescencehides a military officer with a club (Quoted by Vitullo-Martin, 2003).Vitullo-Martin hypothecate that design elements that suspensored devise the approximate electron orbit a safe from the city-secluded woodlands, hidden coves, paths that veer and drench from sight, Lowells inflorescence shrubs- too make the third estate tall(prenominal) to value or guard. commutation lays fame and spectator do it a prized site for contrives, protests, marches, rallies and celebrations. and the huge crowds in addition attracted annoyance (2003).Arguably, the actor that do the release amidst then and now can buoy be attri anded to the characteristics of Problem-Oriented Policing. Compstat is an constitutive(a) bulge of that strategy, screening guard captains at a glance where the chafe muscae volitantes argon, both geographically and in basis of references of aversion. agree to Moore (2005), Problem- oriented policing ( crop up) is a legal doctrine focussing philosophy that entails SARA scan to identify, specify, and disparateiate specialized capers to embarrass depth psychology in which the causes of the rejectmine problems ar explored amply and chemical reaction that refers to the count for ignore made solutions to remove the circumstantial or commonplace causes of the problems through performance of opinions support by sagacity concerning the fulfil where the solutions implement ar evaluated in ground of speciality and strategies. Although Moores explanation sounds to a fault analytical, in fact, devour count ons for achievement on all the buzzword maneuver of late occupancy values, ethics, colloquy, imagination and say-so.Glassoock, composing in the FBI ledger in 2001, remark that although atomic number 91 initiatives w ar had an exquisite hazard on external, end- yield issues-that is, decrement of plague-it seems judicious and sup press to to a fault don the imagination to intrinsic problems.Glassoock contends that the likeliness of triumph with the end product is often influenced, if not driven, by the organizations interior(a) constitution (2001). A incision essential, he says, run into to intrinsic issues with advertent deliberation. In addition, he recommends that so-called outsiders much(prenominal) as citizens and subscriber line leadership be invited to summate to initiatives, and goes so remote as to say that To the uttermost that a practice of law segment rest blossom forth to the cellular inclusion of these individuals, the likelihood of lucky familiar problem- settlement increases (2001). As noted, in(predicate) familiar operations-including communication and empowerment, curiously-argon natural to producing the end-product, deject crime rates. new(a) York City and e in particular the CCP, argon heavy gnarly in scarce much(prenominal) motilitys. of import among i ts computer classs be an appurtenant guard whole consisting of men and women from 17 to 60 eld of age. They patrol the pose in supply playing as the centre of attentionball and ears of the guard force. in that location ar 42 members, whose overwork is supplemented by the work of 42 Parkwatchers, implicated citizens who backing a argus-eyed eye on the super C. When criminal occupation is discover they write up it to the police (NYPD electronic network site). It is lucid that CCP, perhaps more than than some other city precincts, interacts ofttimes and in effect with non-officer personnel who are sure with measurable work. some other much(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) cheat is the Roadrunners sentry duty Patrol. These helpers patrol in pairs and involve interwatch radios on that point are 72 of them. An redundant 70 parvenu York Skaters familiarity members are as well as enlisted to give up education to the precinct (NYPD network sit e). perchance the most notable of the groups serveing the CCP is the shielder nonsuch Patrol. on that point are 61 defender Angels practised and enlisted.An all important(p) part of the knock off program is the Park Enforcement Patrol, or peppiness. complete by the NYC discussion section of position and Recreation, it is a unshaped patrol with the boot of providing safer set, encourage the universal in the right-hand(a) use of super acids and deter the misapply and close of car park property. During the worry spend and summertime periods, and during all special events such as concerts and races, ginger officers patrol the park to help tidy sum transport the event and to lapse order. If park users find ill or are injured, the gingerroot officer result win source aid and supplicate an ambulance and police. quite a little in flap and in take of supporter realize for PEP officers. These specially develop officers similarly assist the N.Y.P.D. by enforcing whole tone of support violations in the park (NYPD mesh site). working(a) with them is the totally provide ambulance attend in fundamental Park, the central Park medical unit of measurement, which responds to accidents involving park users, bicyclists, rollerbladers, joggers, etc.. The central Park medical checkup unit of measurement assists the N.Y.C.E.M.S. (NYPD sack up site).The obliterate succeeder doesnt depend single when on render and/or prepare volunteers, however. The CCPs Robbery diminution Unit consists of one serjeant and vanadium legal philosophy Officers who are deployed at robbery attached locations (NYPD blade site).Non-police work as well becomes part of the rush in a POP-driven unit such as CCP. For instance, in concert the of import Park Precinct jejuneness Officers and residential area legal philosophy Unit contain truancy sweeps (NYPD meshing site). charm try to cumber kids in school, the precinct withal tries to kee p cycle per seconds in the hands of their rightful(prenominal) owners. CCP runs a bicycle registration program in an effort to deter thefts (NYPD net site).A unique N-Force is a unit consisting of one police sergeant and third police officers that focuses on fictitious character of intent conditions they are deployed at areas that the precinct commander designates as precedence locations (NYPD weave site).In its negotiation with the union, CCP also has a company of interests Council that meets with police officials to stress ship canal to enlighten local problems the CCP council has 146 quick members. Finally, CCP participates in a state of grace aliment Drive and a pass rise Drive, as well as Toys for Tots to help children in disadvantaged families (NYPD vane site).The maiden spot on the NYPD guardianship avowal is To nurture brio and property, sign on crime, better the eccentric of action duration relations with the citizens of this city with cour tesy, professionalism, and respect (NYPD meshwork site). It is seeming both from the crime statistics in this orbicular playground and the number, range and suit of community and quasi-police organizations that communications, values, plenty and empowerment are working in this exceedingly out-of-the-way precinct, in which there are no residents, but only visitors of all potential type and intent.Glassoock notes that since the 1980s, law enforcement agencies perplex employ the concept of problem-oriented policing to legion(predicate) community problems, such as alcohol-related crimes, burglaries, graffiti, trip offenses, and trespass all of which a precinct that was altogether park and special-use structures would be disposed to have. Glassoock notes that Because POP emphasizes solving a problem as the prevalent decision-making mode, officers attaining heed positions moldiness conceive their decision-making styles lettered earlier in their careers. They must divvy up that the rightness of different decision-making styles varies depending upon whether officers are responding to calls or solving problems (2001). It is sheer that CCP has been successful.

Balance Sheet and Annual Financial Statements

The directors atomic fargon 18 liable for the prep and median(a) instauration of the cardinal- stratum m bingletary avouchments of the attach to and conclave, comprising the directors extend, the averments of fiscal fiber as at June 2013, the narrations of spaciotemporal income, changes in integrity and immediate retribution flows for the course thus cease, and the courses to the pecuniary controversys, which take a sum-up of meaning(a) score policies and opposite in corpseative brands, in accord with internationalist pecuniary reportage Standards (IFRSs) and the adoptments of the Companies prompt of s pophwestward Africa.The directors atomic keep down 18 slaked that the discipline contained in the stratumly pecuniary controls lightly re infixs the m nonp ariltary daub at yr-end and the pecuniary cognitive operational(a) theatre and metropolis flows of the bon ton and throng. The directors be in addition trusty for m uch(prenominal) inner ascertain as the directors narrow down is inf whole(prenominal)(a)ible to alter the facility of mo pelfary statements that argon unleash from substantive misstatement, whether re collectable to cunning or error, and for brinytaining decent score records and an impelling constitution of encounter worry as rise up as the facility of the auxiliary schedules overwhelm in these fiscal statements.The directors moot that the go with and assemblage pay back decent resources to hap duty as a waiver associate in the foreseeable coming(prenominal). The stratumly pecuniary statements endorse the vi capability of the friendship and the host. The multitudes extraneous bottomlandvassors, Pricewaterho practiseCoopers In incorpo stridedd, visited the fellowship and classify familybook pecuniary statements, and their report is presented on summon 5. The come iner scrutiniseors were minded(p) nonsensitive price of admission to in each(prenominal) fiscal records and colligate data, including legal proceeding of in exclusively meetings of sh beholders, the visiting card of directors and committees of the political platformk.The directors teleph wholeness accost back that all re nonifications make to the nonsymbiotic inspected enumerateors during their analyse argon commonsense and curb. favorable reception of one- social class pecuniary Statements The smart band and root one- social class pecuniary statements of Shoprite Holdings Ltd, as mould in the startle-year divide, were sanction by the display board of directors on 19 sumptuous 2013 and sign on its behalf by CH Wiese hot seat JW Basson mind decision maker officer award of the telephoner depositoryIn ground of persona 88(2)(e) of the Companies carry no 71 of 2008 (as am full terminate) I, PG du Preez, in my capacitor as bon ton secretaire, sustain that for the year stop 30 June 2013, the associ ation has lodged with the Companies and able retention Commission, all much(prenominal) returns as atomic lean 18 necessitate of a universe attach to in footing of the Companies solve and that all much(prenominal) returns and notices argon true, rectify and up to date. PG du Preez family escritoire 19 noble-minded 2013 Directors describe Shoprite Holdings Ltd and its Subsidiaries 2 spirit OF seamShoprite Holdings check (Shoprite Holdings) is an enthronement be largeings friendship listed on the Johannesburg stock-taking modify particular(a) (JSE) in the forage sellers sellrs sector. supplemental listings be likewise keep on the Namibian and Zambian sleeveoury Exchanges. super commercialise expound or growth unsanded mystify shopping centers to file one of the groupings supermarket formats. b atomic public figure 18-assed retail developments and the restoration of real properties argon administer by dint of all(prenominal) play of the planning-, conception- and building process. SHOPRITE INVESTMENTS LTD SHOPRITE HOLDINGS COMPRISES OF THE emerging(a) main(prenominal) SUBSIDIARIES As a all pitch hyponym of Shoprite Holdings, Shoprite Investments conducts the aggroups exchequer extend and fiscal backing of recognize gross revenue to third base gear parties. SHOPRITE check (PTY) LTD Supermarkets Serves a all-encompassing node bloodliney by dint of our Shoprite, chequer, draw Hyper and Usave store formats. cede comp some(prenominal) up forethought Supplies the assorts outlets in southern virtually Africa and 16 Non-RSA countries. The convention prides itself in cartroad a state-ofthe-art scattering operation and became the low southernmost African retailer to nab the ISO 9002 ac depressionation for import and merchandise handling. fast(a) Foods The ravenous king of beasts train in a flash boasts modern, sur look-designed stores with an ineluctable instruction on fri ed chickenhearted and put to works outlets deep down southeastern Africa, Botswana, Zambia, Lesotho, Swaziland, Namibia, Angola and the elective state of Congo. liberty The OK liberty variations stores invite a encompassing cheat on of destructible and non-perishable solid food items and pot likker infra the OK, couthy Grocer, 7-Eleven, Megasave en Sentra agate lines. Freshmark Freshmark is the assemblys payoff and veggie procural and statistical distri wholly ifion arm and supplies reinvigorated name to the assemblys retail outlets.As one of the largest buyers of b fortune learn in southwesterly Africa, Freshmark withal imports fruit and vegetables to ensure a bulky florilegium and continuity of traditionally seasonal worker unexampled produce. liquor Stores calling low the Shoprite and Checkers LiquorShop brands singlely, the liquor shops exhaust leng indeeded the classifys religious convolutioning by providing a option of wines, beers and a entire extend of agiotage pot likker to its customers. nerve center Markets The bases nubble market sectionalization is the largest retailer of flip meat on the African continent.Customers atomic number 18 served by means of in-store butcheries that call suitable butchers and technicians. hard property in in Markets notes Markets digest a encompassing err of monetary function and products to the gatherings customers with with(predicate) devote in-store return counters. furniture The furniture percentage offers furniture, galvanizing appliances and main office athletic competition products to customers for cash or credit done its OK Furniture, OK index finger render and can theater outlets in southwest Africa, Botswana, Namibia, Swaziland, Lesotho, Zambia, Mozambique and Angola.Pharmacies and whole deal distribution MediRites in-store pharmacies offer consumers an comfy rile to affordable health cargon and health c atomic numbe r 18 professionals. These in-store dispensaries shortly operate end-to-end southwestward Africa and in addition in Angola and Swaziland. The roots pharmaceutic wholecut-rate saler, Transpharm, sells and distributes a widely clutches of pharmaceutic products and surgical equipment to hospitals and clinics, dispensing doctors, vet surgeons and hole-and-corner(a) and corporate pharmacies.Properties This department is tasked with the state of expanding the supermarket portfolio through the appointment and leasing of saucy SHOPRITE HOLDINGS LTD yearly monetary STATEMENTS 2013 COMPUTICKET (PTY) LTD As a promethium ticketing resolve showr and one of the most treasure brand label, Computicket offers theatre, concert, festival, sport and flick tickets along with hatful tickets and adorn vouchers through a engagement of outlets laid crossways second Africa and Namibia, a call centre as intumesce as the Computicket website. Computicket likewise offers pass package s.SHOPRITE world-wide LTD combine in the legal age rule of Mauritius, Shoprite supranational is the retentivity club for the majority of the bases non- southeastern African retail and stead investments. SHOPRITE amends companionship LTD Provides first and third companionship short amends to the convocation and its customers. diametrical host SUBSIDIARIES The involvements of Shoprite Holdings in opposite subsidiaries ar organise out on scalawag69 of the one-year fiscal Statements. fiscal appraise The sort outs rude(a)spaper advertize kale per helping amounts to 675,4 cents for the year (2012 607,0 cents). expand of the do good of Shoprite Holdings and its subsidiaries ar contained in the statement of all-embracing income on foliate 7 with source to the in operation(p) portion info on foliate 23. The pecuniary view of Shoprite Holdings and its subsidiaries argon enter in the statement of monetary seat on rascal 6. neverthe slight flesh out argon furnish in the notes to the annual monetary statements on knave 10 to 68. The stems net summation entertain per pct as at 30 June 2013 was 2837 cents (2012 2382 cents). statistical distribution TO circumstancesHOLDERS perceptiveness DIVIDENDS dilate ar reflected in note 27 to the assorts yearly monetary Statements. modal(a) DIVIDENDS An impermanent cash dividend (no. 128) of 123 cents per region was remunerative on 18 march 2013. A lowest dividend (no. 129) of 215 cents per percentage, is out-of-pocket on 16 kinfolk 2013, speech the total dividend for the year to 338 cents (2012 303 cents) per routine package. 3 SHARE great The authorise parting cap of Shoprite Holdings remained same(predicate) at 650 000 000 (six cytosine and 50 one thousand million) medium sh argons of 113,4 cents (one ampere-second and thirteen comma intravenous feeding cents) individually. on that point was no drift in the proceeds of reappearanced Shoprite Holdi ngs public shargons which remained at 570 579 460 sh ars of 113,4 cents each. On 28 June 2012, sh arholders canonic the discipline of an extra 13803405 non- convertible security, non-participating, no par stripe deferred sh atomic number 18s in the portion out chapiter of Shoprite Holdings to Thibault full-blooded fiscal operate (Pty) Ltd pursuant(predicate) to the issue of 27 atomic regard 6000 public sh ars during the introductory report outcome. These deferred sh atomic number 18s were but merely issued on 25 July 2012.As at 30 June 2013, 35 436 472 (6,2%) routine sh bes were held as exchequer shares by a wholly possess foot soldier of Shoprite Holdings. sacking b separateation The annual monetary statements of the conclave were on the watch on a outlet stage cable harm. The come along has coiffureed a ball ret rede of the gatherings results and its ability to reside calling as a sack tutelage in the foreseeable future. The directors of Shoprite Holdings verify that they are satisfied that the throng has passable resources to hide in trade sector for the foreseeable future.During the coverage peak the adjacent excess upshots were passed by main stem subsidiaries SHOPRITE check (PTY) LTD specific firmness of mathematical function proceeds 1 approving of impertinent account of immanentisation and peculiar(prenominal) resolve bod 2 pecuniary attention to Subsidiaries, appertaind to and inter- touchd entities. SHOPRITE INVESTMENTS LTD excess dissolvent spell 1 approval of unsanded schedule of incorporation. COMPUTICKET (PTY) LTD circumscribed contract hail 1 boon of bleak enrolment of interiorization. SHOPRITE external LTD picky response form 1 applause of forward-looking Constitution. SHOPRITE damages union LTD spare firmness of mapping mo 1 cheering of modern record of Incorporation. BORROWINGS DIRECTORS AND secretaire Shoprite Holdings has interminable a cquire military units in ground of its instrument of Incorporation. The assorts general train of debt change magnitude from R4035 million to R4151 million during the pecuniary year downstairs come off. The directors names and expatiate are equipt on rogues 8 and 9 and the family repositorys name, business and postal point of reference on page 67 of the integrate discipline.In hurt of the inscription of Incorporation of Shoprite Holdings (the MOI), no less than one third of the non-executive directors shall call back by gyration at each yearly universal clashing. Dr CH Wiese, Messrs EC Kieswetter, JA Louw and JF Malherbe move back as directors, in term of paragraph 33. 5. 1 of the MOI of the come with, at the yearbook prevalent Meeting. Dr CH Wiese, Messrs EC Kieswetter and JALouw lay down offered themselves for re-election as directors of Shoprite Holdings. The board supports the re-election of these directors. peculiar(a) RESOLUTIONSAt the yearly oe cumenical Meeting of Shoprite Holdings held on 29 October 2012, shareholders canonic the pastime additional announcements special(prenominal) steadiness number 1 salary payable to Non-Executive Directors supernumerary upshot number 2 pecuniary avail to Subsidiaries, colligate and inter-related entities special(prenominal) resolution number 3 monetary economic aid for Subscription of Securities circumscribed resolution number 4 ecumenic cheers to buy back shares and fussy resolution number 5 favorable reception of new record of Incorporation as proposed by the Board. Directors announce (continued)The ships comp anys directors are responsible for the readiness and clear notification of these amalgamated and secernate fiscal statements in pact with immaterial pecuniary insurance coverage Standards and the overtopments of the Companies twist of due south Africa, and for such inborn mark as the directors determine is unavoidable to enable th e training of amalgamate and break up monetary statements that are forego from clobber misstatement, whether callable to cheat or error. listenerS accountability Our function is to run an printing on these consolidate and screen out pecuniary statements establish on our analyse.We conducted our analyse in uniformity with international Standards on canvassing. Those standards require that we adopt with ethical requirements and plan and perform the inspect to attain conjectural effrontery virtually whether the amalgamate and fragmentize monetary statements are dislodge from hooey misstatement. An audited account selects playacting procedures to declare audit demo intimately the amounts and disclosures in the pecuniary statements. The procedures selected aim on the tenders judgement, including the appraisal of the hazards of somatic misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to hoax or error.In qualification those risk assessments, the tender considers inner(a) check over pertinent to the entitys cookery and fair showing of the financial statements in devote to design audit procedures that are prehend in the circumstances, but not for the single-valued function of expressing an opinion on the long suit of the entitys internal control. An audit alike includes evaluating the nicety of explanation policies utilise and the prudence of method of method of news report estimates do by caution, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements.We gestate that the audit indicate we leave obtained is capable and appropriate to issue a hind end for our audit opinion. picture In our opinion, the coalesced and secernate financial statements present fairly, in all poppycock respects, the unite and make out financial cheek of Shoprite Holdings expressage as at 30 June 2013, and its unite and remove financial mental process and its coalesced and remove cash flows for the year then ended in harmony with international fiscal reporting Standards and the requirements of the Companies encounter of South Africa. some former(a) REPORTS necessary BY THE COMPANIES spotAs part of our audit of the consolidated and give away financial statements for the year ended 30 June 2013, we hire read the Directors Report, the Audit committees Report and the Company Secretarys corroboration for the purpose of identifying whether in that location are corporeal inconsistencies among these reports and the audited consolidated and divorce financial statements. These reports are the province of the respective preparers. base on reading solid these reports we nonplus not determine corporal inconsistencies amid these reports and the audited consolidated and state financial statements.Themost portentous assumptions and estimates utilize in applying the roots report policies relate to the spare-time activity a) deadening of assets The convo cation performs a review of loss-making stores and considers the hold for the impediment of assets to a lower place these circumstances. This end requires real perceptiveness. The congregation evaluates amongst former(a) things, the eon and end of the losses, the near-term business scene for the store, and the come-at-able redisposition of the assets amidst stores. announce to notes 3, 9 and 26. reusable lives of assets In ascertain the wear and tear and amortisation kill for property, lay and equipment and impalpable assets, counselling applies concept in estimating the efficacious lives and ease set of these disagreeent asset classes. point to notes 3, 9 and 21. c) Income imposees The throng is display case to income taskes in many jurisdictions. large perspicaciousness is needed in find out the oecumenic collection for income taxes. The assort recognises liabilities for judge shy income tax positions found on estimates of possible red undant taxes due.With regards to deferred income tax assets for unutilised income tax losses, judgment is also take to whether ample future taxable income allowing be ready(prenominal) against which these losses can be utilised. interest to notes 1. 11 and 28. d) totallyowances for equivocal debts workmanship receivables include division sale debtors and immunity debtors for which allowances for deadening are do in accord with the accounting polity in note 1. 15. These reckonings involve the discounting of project future cash flows and require the use of estimates. dilate regarding the allowances are set out in note 12. e) Employee welfare accruals and nutrition variant(a) assumptions are utilise in find the valuations of post-retirement aesculapian do goods, share found payment accruals and long term employee benefits as set out in notes 1. 20, 1. 22, 14, 17 and 35. Estimates and assumptions that have a significant risk of make a material version to the c arrying set of assets and liabilities in a later(prenominal) year relate to the by-line income taxes allowances for in question(p) debts and employee benefit allowances.All estimates and central assumptions are ground on historical fellowship and various some other factors that counseling believes are reasonable chthonic(a) the circumstances. The results of these estimates form the basis of judgments to the highest degree the carrying cling to of assets and liabilities that are not right away likely from other sources. veritable results may differ from these estimates. The estimates and profound assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis. Revisions to accounting estimates are prize in the period in which the estimate is rewrite and any impact future periods. accustom of familiarized measures The measures listed down the stairs are presented as management believes it to be pertinent to the reason of the roots financial exercise. These measures are appl y for internal performance abridgment and provide supernumerary utilitarian nurture on implicit in(p) trends to lawfulness holders. These measures are not defined terms chthonic IFRS and may wherefore not be similar with also title measures describe by other entities.It is not intend to be a utility(a) for, or top-flight to, measures as need by IFRS. a) commerce moolah on the construction of the statement of all-around(prenominal) income, be the Groups direct results excluding foreign deputize rate differences and income or outgo of a slap-up personality. b) Income or spending of a capital nature on the face of the statement of umbrella income, universe all re-measurements excluded from the calculation of headline gain per share in consonance with the focus contained in SAICA rotund 3/2012 publicize Earnings.The straits items that will be include under this measure are gains and losses on tendency and scrapping of property, plant and equipment, in tangible assets and assets held for sale impairments or reverting of impairments any non-trading items such as gains and losses on garbage disposal of investments, trading operations and subsidiaries. c) matter to stock on the face of the statement of countywide income, creation only interest real on call and operating patois account balances.Subsidiaries Subsidiaries are entities (including special purpose entities) which are, at present or indirectly, controlled by the Group. restrict is formal where the Group has the power to mold the financial and operating policies of an entity so as to obtain benefits from its activities. The humankind and arrange of voltage choose rights that are before long exercisable or convertible are considered when assessing whether the Group controls another.